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Nepticuloidea
Stigmella omelkoi Puplesis, 1984
Stigmella omelkoi
Diagnostic description:Diagnosis. Male recognized by a combination of a pale orange frontal tuft, edged scape, unicolorous wings and long spatulate androconiae in hindwing-fringe. S. fumida is similar, but has a black frontal tuft and paler androconiae. S. omelkoi resembles the European S. suberivora. Female difficult to separate from other unicolorous species, but more metallic bronze. Male genitalia with characteristic broad manica, which envelopes the aedeagus completely; in other species only the caudal half. Female genitalia similar to those of S. fervida, but omelkoi with more convolutions in ductus spermathecae and narrower T8.
Morphology:Description. Male. Forewing length 2.3-2.6 mm (2.47 ± 0.09, n=8), wingspan 4.7-5.6 mm. Head: frontal tuft pale orange; collar dark fuscous; scape silvery white, posterior edge fuscous, flagellum fuscous. Antennae with 31-32 segments (31.6 ± 0.6, n=5). Thorax and forewings shining bronze brown, wingtip purplish; underside forewings dark brown, without androconial scales. Hindwing pale brown, covered with fuscous lamellar androconial scales; long lamellar androconial scales extending in fringe over 1/4 to 1/3 of fringe length; costal androconiae longer than dorsal ones. Abdomen brown, anal tufts pale brown.
Female. Forewing length 2.2-2.5 mm (2.33 ± 0.08, n=9), wingspan 4.7-5.3 mm. Antennae with 22-25 segments (23.2 ± 1.3, n=5). Scape not edged, completely silvery white. Hindwing and underside of wings grey. Abdominal tip blunt.
Male genitalia. Capsule length 270-300 µm (n=3). Vinculum anteriorly bilobed. Uncus with widely separated short horns, these with lesser sclerotized 'windows' in middle. Gnathos with widely separated posterior processes. Valva length 185-200 µm (n=3), with pointed distal process of less than 1/4 valva length, inner margin with prominent lobe; sublateral processes short. Aedeagus 350-385 µm long (n=3); vesica with distally about 7-9 large conical cornuti, and two lateral groups of needle-shaped cornuti, ± 50 in total; basally with small blunt or pectinate cornuti; manica large and conspicuous, enveloping aedeagus completely.
Female genitalia. T8 laterally with longitudinal bare furrows, margin rounded; centrally with 15-23 setae, on lateral patches 5-6 setae each. Bursa well visible, total length 900-1000 μm (n=2), walls thin, without pectinations. Accessory sac heavily folded, with some pectinations. Ductus spermathecae with 7-7 1/2 convolutions.Associations:Hostplant. Quercus mongolica (including var. grosseserrata in Japan), Q. serrata (in Japan).
Leafmines. Egg on leaf-upperside, usually against a vein. Mine a long sinuous gallery, first with linear or narrow dispersed black frass; in last instar with green coiled frass, filling about 1/2 mine width; mine much wider. Mine easily separated from sympatric S. aladina and dentatae, which have linear frass throughout and the egg on leaf-underside.
Larva. Yellow, no field notes made.Distribution:Japan: Hokkaido, Primorskiy Kray and China: Heilongjiang.
Life cycle:Life history. Bivoltine, larvae found in June-July and late August-September. Adults fly in May-June (indoors rearing March) and July to early September.
Citation:This taxonomic description is based on Van Nieukerken (2000).